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Numbers, Dates, and Time in Japanese

A detailed reference with readings, exceptions, and examples — from basic numbers to dates, days of the week, and telling the time.

Important: Japanese Has Special Readings

Some numbers change pronunciation in dates and when counting hours or minutes. Learn not only the numbers themselves but also common combinations, such as 四日(よっか), 七時(しちじ), and 九分(きゅうふん).

01 · THE BASICS

Numbers from 0 to 10

Some numbers have two possible readings; the most common ones are shown here.

NumberKanjiReadingRomaji
0零/〇れい/ゼロrei / zero
1一いちichi
2二にni
3三さんsan
4四よん/しyon / shi
5五ごgo
6六ろくroku
7七なな/しちnana / shichi
8八はちhachi
9九きゅう/くkyū / ku
10十じゅうjū
02 · LARGE NUMBERS

Tens, Hundreds, and Thousands

Numbers are formed by combining place values, but 300, 600, 800, 3,000, and 8,000 have special sound changes.

NumberJapaneseReading
20二十にじゅう (nijū)
30三十さんじゅう (sanjū)
40四十よんじゅう (yonjū)
100百ひゃく (hyaku)
300三百さんびゃく (sanbyaku)
600六百ろっぴゃく (roppyaku)
800八百はっぴゃく (happyaku)
1 000千せん (sen)
3 000三千さんぜん (sanzen)
8 000八千はっせん (hassen)
10 000一万いちまん (ichiman)
100 000 000一億いちおく (ichioku)
03 · THE CALENDAR

Months and Days of the Week

Months are formed using the pattern “number + 月(がつ)”.

MonthJapaneseReading
January一月いちがつ
February二月にがつ
March三月さんがつ
April四月しがつ
May五月ごがつ
June六月ろくがつ
July七月しちがつ
August八月はちがつ
September九月くがつ
October十月じゅうがつ
November十一月じゅういちがつ
December十二月じゅうにがつ
Day of the WeekJapaneseReading
Monday月曜日げつようび
Tuesday火曜日かようび
Wednesday水曜日すいようび
Thursday木曜日もくようび
Friday金曜日きんようび
Saturday土曜日どようび
Sunday日曜日にちようび
Every day毎日まいにち
04 · DATES

Days of the Month: Special Readings

For calendar dates, you cannot simply add にち to every number. The first ten days and several other dates have special readings.

DateJapaneseReading
1st一日ついたち
2-е二日ふつか
3rd三日みっか
4th四日よっか
5th五日いつか
6th六日むいか
7th七日なのか
8th八日ようか
9th九日ここのか
10th十日とおか
14th十四日じゅうよっか
20th二十日はつか
24th二十四日にじゅうよっか
Other dates例:十一日じゅういちにち
05 · HOURS

What Time Is It?

時(じ) is used for hours. Pay special attention to the special readings for 4, 7, and 9 o’clock.

TimeJapaneseReading
1:00一時いちじ
2:00二時にじ
3:00三時さんじ
4:00四時よじ
5:00五時ごじ
6:00六時ろくじ
7:00七時しちじ
8:00八時はちじ
9:00九時くじ
10:00十時じゅうじ
Noon正午しょうご
Midnight午前0時ごぜんれいじ
06 · MINUTES

Minutes and Half Past

分(ふん/ぷん) changes its reading depending on the number before it.

MinutesJapaneseReading
1一分いっぷん
2二分にふん
3三分さんぷん
4四分よんぷん
5五分ごふん
6六分ろっぷん
7七分ななふん
8八分はっぷん
9九分きゅうふん
10十分じゅっぷん/じっぷん
30 minutes三十分さんじゅっぷん
Half半はん
Examples in Sentences

今日は四月七日です。— Today is April 7.

今、何時ですか。— What time is it now?

七時半に学校へ行きます。— I go to school at half past seven.

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